CALDEIRÃO DE BOLSA

lfhm Escreveu:Isso é meramente um problema de engenharia.

O que é preciso é guito e tecnologia. Há uns anos vi um documentário sobre como evitar/reverter o aquecimento global. Neste documentário apresentavam 20 soluções e todas elas tinham alguma viavilidade, uma das que achei mais curiosa era colocar uma espécia de "erva daninha" que absorve grandes quantidades de CO2 em ilhas desertas, havia outras tecnologias como paineis reflectores colocados no espaço ou o recurso a agentes químicos e biológicos (como algas) para absorver o CO2. A ideia com que fiquei é que alguma vez a situação se tornar insustentável é possivel resolver o problema. Infelizmente não consegui encontrar o documentário referido mas uma simples pesquisa no google levou-me a estes links com algumas soluções para o Apocalipse

http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/curiosity/topics/5-future-pollution-ending-technologies.htm Escreveu:
5 Future Pollution-ending Technologies
By Martha Barksdale

Pollution, the introduction of manmade contaminants into the natural environment, can be as simple as your neighbor's too-bright porch light shining into your bedroom window and interfering with your sleep. It can also occur on a massive scale, such as the introduction of fluorocarbons into the atmosphere, destroying the Earth's ozone layer and causing a global-warming effect. Uncontrolled pollution can result in the destruction of Earth's natural environment.

Pollution isn't just a modern problem. In the 12th century, King Edward I banned the selling of sea coal because the smoke from the soft coal combined with London's infamous fog to produce the first recorded incidences of "smog" [source: Urbinato]. The English didn't obey the rules, however, since few could afford the more expensive wood to fuel their fires. Three hundred years later, Shakespeare's witches in "Macbeth" chanted about the "fog and filthy air."

Pollution has been around for centuries, and researchers are continually looking for new, more efficient ways of trying to cope with it. Here, we'll learn about five types of pollution and the new technologies researchers are developing to combat them. Some require a fair amount of expertise and creativity, such as the "super trees" of Lima, Peru, while others are just basic common-sense approaches.


Air pollution is a serious problem around the world, but new technologies may be able to lessen its effects.
Image Credit: John Foxx/Stockbyte/Thinkstock
5. Water Pollution
Nearly one out of every three people in the world lacks a reliable source of clean drinking water [source: World Health Organization]. Water may be scarce due to a lack of rain or the means to transport it from the river or well to the settlement, or the water may be polluted. Drinking contaminated water can cause a variety of diseases, including cholera and dysentery.

Nanotechnology, which deals with matter on an atomic level, seems to hold promise in water purification. A company in South Africa, Marelize Botes, has developed a water filter that resembles a teabag. Instead of tea, however, active carbon granules fill the bag. The bag itself is made from nanofibers treated with biocide to kill bacteria [source: Poppendieck and Sinico]. LifeStraw, a portable water filter manufactured by the Swiss company Vestergaard Frandsen, is an inexpensive purification method that thousands of people have adopted since its invention in 2005. LifeStraw costs around $3 per unit, and anyone old enough to use a straw -- usually about age 3 -- can use it [source: Vestergaard Frandsen].

Soaking Up the Oil
The BP incident in the Gulf of Mexico during the spring and summer of 2010 gave everyone a lesson in the difficulty of cleaning up an oil spill. Many groups tried different technologies with varying degrees of success. Most relied on an agent that acts as a sponge, soaking up the oil. One new technology in this area is aerogel, an extremely light solid known as "frozen smoke," that soaks up the oil [source: American Chemical Society]. Another is a vacuum cleaner that blows bark into the oil to absorb it, then sucks it back up again [source: The Norwegian University of Science and Technology].

4. Air Pollution
In 2009, scientists linked prenatal exposure to air pollution to lower IQ scores later in life [source: Tanner]. Children exposed to the most pollution before birth had IQ scores at age 5 that were, on average, five points lower than those of kids with lower levels of exposure. In China, the polluted coal that's burned for fuel daily is poisoning people and causing disease [source: American Institute of Physics]. While the simple answer to these problems, and the many others caused by air pollution, is to stop polluting, it's not that easy.

In heavily polluted Lima, Peru, a new filtration system, the Super Tree, has been installed in several locations around the city. This device mimics the respiration of a real tree, taking in carbon dioxide and expelling oxygen. The Super Tree, manufactured by Tierra Nuestra (Our Earth), cleans the air through a water filtration system, removing carbon dioxide as well as some bacteria. The Super Tree can purify up to 200,000 cubic meters of air per day -- approximately what six trees would accomplish -- at an initial cost of around $100,000 [source: Novey].

3. Land Pollution
One of the unfortunate consequences of our progress is the tons of garbage we generate each day. Allowed to pile up in landfills, this solid waste can break down and contaminate the soil and ground water or, perhaps worse, it won't break down and will hang around for centuries. Scientists are working with several new technologies to help manage waste.

At University College Dublin, researchers have discovered a bacterium that not only eats plastic foam, but can also convert it into a new form of useable plastic. First, the foam must be melted without the presence of oxygen and turned into styrene oil. Then, the bacteria eat it and excrete it as PHA, a biodegradable plastic [source: McNamara]. Other new technologies are helping us deal with the growing problem of electronic waste. Cell phones made of recycled materials are now on the market, and Chinese scientists have discovered ways to reuse glues and resins from old computer circuit boards to create things like fences and park benches [source: McNamara].

What is Superfund?
In 1980, Congress passed the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act after the crisis posed by the discovery of dangerous toxic waste dumps in the 1970s. The Act, known as Superfund, gives the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) the authority to clean up toxic sites and hold those responsible accountable. The responsible parties must either conduct the cleanup or reimburse the government for the work. Superfund is implemented by the EPA's 10 regional offices and has analyzed tens of thousands of sites over the past 30 years [source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency].

2. Light Pollution
For millennia, humans ceased all productive activity after nightfall. They gathered by the fire, ate a meal, maybe told a story or two, and then settled down to sleep. All that changed about a century ago. Suddenly, life could go on 24/7. While this has enabled us to increase our productivity and our recreation time, unnecessary light can cause great harm. Light pollution can interrupt our circadian rhythms, making it harder to get to sleep, and it may also disrupt ecosystems [source: International Dark-Sky Association]. In addition, manufactured light infuriates astronomers by competing with the light of the stars.

One promising solution for light pollution could be the widespread use of "smart lights," such as the BetaLED lights under development at the University of California-Davis's California Lighting Technology Center. Currently used in parking lots, these lights feature a bi-level switch that moves between low and high lighting levels, rather than simply turning on and off. Motion sensors turn the lights to a higher intensity when there's activity in the parking lot. This new technology has shown energy savings as much as 75 percent over conventional lights [source: California Lighting Technology Center].

Keep the Sky Dark
Since 1988, the members of the International Dark-Sky Association (IDA) have worked to gain recognition for the problem of light pollution and have encouraged governments to pass laws protecting the night sky. The IDA promotes legislation that discourages the use of unnecessary and misdirected lighting and rewards builders who use good light-conservation techniques in their designs. The IDA also has a conservation program that promotes the protection and preservation of dark-sky areas [source: International Dark-Sky Association].

1. Noise Pollution
It's Saturday morning, and you're sleeping in after a hard week at work. But just after dawn, as the birds are singing and you're snoozing, there comes a tremendous roar. You sit up, wide-awake. Is it an earthquake? Are we under attack? No, it's just your pesky neighbor, sweeping off his sidewalk with a gasoline-powered leaf blower rather than a nice, quiet broom.

So much for your lazy Saturday.

The leaf blower has become one of the main points of contention in the noise pollution battle. While new technologies are in the works to minimize its effects, most areas are more concerned with stopping it altogether. Cities from Beverly Hills, Calif., to Tuckahoe, N.Y., have banned its use in residential areas, citing studies that show that noise lessens the efficacy of work and increases aggression and frustration [source: Citizens for a Quieter Sacramento]. These effects carry on even after the noise has ceased, so your neighbor's yard work can ruin your whole weekend, not just your Saturday morning.

The Too-quiet Car?
Can a vehicle be too quiet? Some people say the nearly silent hybrid and electric cars may have gone a bit too far toward fulfilling the goal of a quiet ride. The noiseless vehicles may threaten the safety of pedestrians, especially the visually impaired who rely on sound to warn them of an oncoming vehicle. Technicians are working to figure out what types of artificial noises they can install to warn pedestrians about oncoming vehicles [source: Whoriskey].

Joca601 Escreveu:.... o paradigma da sociedade moderna assenta no consumo e crescimento, parece estarmos condenados a caminhar para o abismo. temos "uma pescadinha de rabo na boca", sem consumo, há desemprego e recessão. com consumo e crescimento temos o inevitavel esgotamento dos recursos.

Storgoff Escreveu:Já alguém parou para pensar porque é que o crescimento económico se transformou num autentico dogma?

Rego_Hugo Escreveu:Não acho que o crescimento económico se tenha tornado um dogma. Ele sempre foi uma preocupação desde que o ser humano começou por se organizar socialmente.
Hoje em dia, a consciência do mesmo, tornou-se mais presente e abrangente, em parte, por causa da evolução da própria sociedade e também porque ambos se complexificaram ao longo dos tempos.

Rego_Hugo Escreveu:Quanto ao equilíbrio crescimento/sustentabilidade de recursos, convém ter presente que a importância dessa questão é directamente proporcional aos seus principais factores: recursos (limitados ou não) e população. Ambos são dinâmicos e se, para já, as preocupações e questões são as actualmente discutidas face à realidade instalada, elas irão mudar de forma muito marcada durante ainda este século. Por exemplo, tendo em conta os dados actuais, alguém tem consciência de que o consumo de recursos mundiais irá incorporar um decréscimo parcial de cerca de 20% até 2100 ?

verdura Escreveu:
Trocar de carros de 30 em 30 anos e assim diminuir a pegadas ambiental, ou trocar de 3 em 3 anos para dinamizar economia ?
Isto é um exemplo !

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Rego_Hugo Escreveu:

Sr_SNiper Escreveu:Isso é tudo pormenores, o que interessa é guito, é o guito que movimenta o mundo

Se calhar, para se ganhar dinheiro, é preciso perceber por onde e como ele se irá movimentar e aplicar. Digo eu...

Sr_SNiper Escreveu:Isso é tudo pormenores, o que interessa é guito, é o guito que movimenta o mundo

verdura Escreveu:http://www.ionline.pt/artigos/mundo-iciencia/remocao-co2-da-atmosfera-risco-aquecimento-dos-oceanos

Guerra ?
Mortes ? bombas ? tanques ?

Não, nada disso !

Na minha opinião, a próxima grande guerra, será a humanidade "contra" a natureza, de modo a poder sobreviver.

Estamos a observar fenomenos atmosfericos muitos importantes, e muito rapidos.É normal ?, não sei.

O que sei é que iremos assistir a um gigantesco dilema.

Trocar de carros de 30 em 30 anos e assim diminuir a pegadas ambiental, ou trocar de 3 em 3 anos para dinamizar economia ?
Isto é um exemplo !

Penso que o grande desafio vai ser economia versus ecologia.

Creio que será a segunda que vai ganhar.Não para já, mas muita gente já esta cada vez recptiva a este tema.

Eu criava um produto financeiro sobre este tema.