CALDEIRÃO DE BOLSA

Lara Rosa
lararosa@mediafin.pt


As bolsas norte-americanas inverteram a tendência de ganhos com que iniciaram a sessão e seguem agora a desvalorizar. A apreensão dos investidores quanto aos resultados piores que o esperado da Pepsi e a revisão em baixa das estimativas de lucro para a Microsoft estão a sobrepor-se ao optimismo que surgiu após a divulgação do plano norte-americano de 250 mil milhões de dólares.

O Dow Jones está a mostrar-se muito volátil alternando a tendência com frequência, tendo já estado a valorizar mais de 4% e a perder cerca de 1%. O índice industrial segue agora a perder 0,10% para os 9.378,21 pontos.

O Nasdaq inverteu a tendência do início da sessão onde esteve a ganhar quase 3% e segue agora a desvalorizar 2,16% para os 1.804,41 pontos.

O índice S&P500 mostra também o intervalo de variações alargado, tendo já registado um ganho de mais de 4% e uma desvalorização de 1,06%. Neste momento, o índice está a perder 0,21% para os 1.001,20 pontos.

A PepsiCo anunciou hoje que vai reduzir cerca de 3.300 postos de trabalho depois dos resultados líquidos da empresa terem caído mais do que o esperado e de ter revisto em baixa as estimativas para o próximo ano.

A divulgação destes números está a pressionar a negociação em conjunto com a revisão em baixa das estimativas de lucros da Microsoft por parte do Credite Suisse.

Os títulos da PepsiCo seguem a desvalorizar 8,50% para os 56,52 dólares, depois de terem estado a desvalorizar mais de 13,7%.

As acções da Microsoft estão entre as que mais penalizam estando a perder 4,71% para os 24,30 dólares.

Estes dados estão a pesar nas bolsas norte-americanas com os receios a voltarem ao mercado e a sobreporem-se aos ânimos que surgiram após a divulgação do plano do governo norte-americano.

Os responsáveis da maior economia do mundo anunciaram hoje um plano de investimento de 250 mil milhões de dólares no capital de instituições financeiras afectadas pela crise. Do total, 125 mil milhões de dólares vão ser usados para entrar no capital de nove grandes bancos norte-americanos: Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, Wells Fargo, JP Morgan Chase, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch, Morgan Stanley, State Street e Bank of New York Mellon.

acintra Escreveu:Cada vez que abrem a boca com novas soluções, os mercados atiram-se para o chão.

Government to pump billions into banks, expand deposit and loan guarantees.

Last Updated: October 14, 2008: 9:55 AM ET


NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- The federal government on Tuesday announced an extraordinary and historic investment in the nation's banks - the biggest bet ever made with taxpayer dollars on the U.S. financial system.

As a start, the Treasury will pump $250 billion into financial institutions. Nine of the nation's largest banks have already agreed to take the capital and in return will give preferred shares to taxpayers and limit on executive pay. It is widely expected that half of the $250 billion will go to those nine banks.

"This is an essential short-term measure to assure the viability of American's banking system," Bush said in comments outside the White House. "These measures are not intended to take over the free market, but to preserve it."

In addition, the president made a formal request for an additional $100 billion to help out financial institutions. Congress authorized up to $700 billion as part of the financial system bailout enacted on Oct. 3, but it required the president to certify the need for any amount above the initial $250 billion.

The government can use the additional $100 billion to buy troubled assets held by firms or to make additional capital infusions into banks.

The president also announced insurance on all deposits in non-interest bearing bank accounts, a move that should calm businesses worried because their payroll and checking accounts exceed the limits backed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. And the government will also back most new bank debt - a change designed to spur more lending between banks.

The package represents the government's most extensive attempt yet to unfreeze frozen credit markets. The aim is to give banks the confidence to make loans to one another and their customers and help provide the economy the source of funds it needs to operate.

The move was something that the Bush administration and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson resisted even as the crisis in the nation's financial system mounted over the last month.

"Government owning a stake in any private U.S. company is objectionable to most Americans - me included," Paulson said. "Yet the alternative of leaving businesses and consumers without access to financing is totally unacceptable."

The previously announced plan to simply buy the bad mortgage debts held by major banks and Wall Street firms had done little to assure investors or get financial institutions providing the loans necessary to keep the U.S. economy functioning.

U.S. stocks had their worst week in history last week, and most measures showed lending by financial institutions remained frozen despite moves by the Federal Reserve to pump potentially trillions of new dollars into the system.

So over the weekend, the administration decided to use the authority under the $700 billion Wall Street bailout package passed earlier this month to make the direct investment. The moves followed a similar plan announced last week in Great Britain. European governments had been moving the same way.

Bush acknowledged that the United States was following steps already taken in Europe. He said that is the best way to address the concerns of U.S. consumers and business leaders.

"I recognize that the action leaders are taking here in Washington and European capitals are distant from those concerns, but they are designed to benefit the American people by stabilizing the overall financial system and helping the economy recover," he said.

The reports of the broad details of the plan had sparked the biggest jump in stocks in history on Monday, and that rally continued in Asian and European markets early Tuesday. U.S. stocks were also sharply higher in early trading following the announcement.

After Bush's announcement, Paulson, Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke and FDIC Chairman Sheila Bair appeared together to endorse the plan.

"Today, there is a lack of confidence in our financial system - a lack of confidence that must be conquered because it poses an enormous threat to our economy," Paulson said. "Investors are unwilling to lend to banks, and healthy banks are unwilling to lend to each other and to consumers and businesses."

Paulson stressed that some of the banks accepting government investment are healthy, but that the infusion of capital will allow them to increase their lending.

For his part, Bernanke said these steps were notable because the government is not waiting for banks to become insolvent before they act.

"Waiting too long to act has usually led to much greater direct costs of the intervention itself and, more importantly, magnified the painful effects of financial turmoil on households and businesses," Bernanke said in prepared remarks.

And Bernanke cautioned that while he was confident the plan is the best course to follow to get the economy functioning again, it does not automatically end the troubles facing the economy.

"I am not suggesting the way forward will be easy," Bernanke said.

Bair said that the United Steps had to follow steps taken in Europe or else they would have been on an uneven playing field. And regulators' work is not done, she added.

"All of us are prepared to do whatever it takes to fix whatever problems arise and to work with Wall Street and Main Street to unclog the financial system," said Bair.