Obama Blames Crisis on Republicans; McCain Calls Obama Unready
By Kristin Jensen and Ken Fireman
Sept. 27 (Bloomberg) -- Democrat Barack Obama used the first presidential debate to blame the U.S. financial crisis on policies supported by rival John McCain, as the Republican said Obama is too ``naïve'' to lead the country in dangerous times.
The U.S. senators fell back on themes they've used throughout their historic campaigns, likely scoring points with some voters while failing to break much new ground. Obama, claiming the mantle of change, went on the attack early last night, when McCain proposed a partial government-spending freeze to solve the financial crisis.
``John, it's been your president, who you said you agreed with 90 percent of the time, who presided over this increase in spending, this orgy of spending,'' said Obama, 47. ``So to stand here after eight years and say that you're going to lead'' is ``kind of hard to swallow.''
McCain, 72, questioned Obama's understanding of foreign policy and played up 26 years of experience in the House and Senate representing Arizona, saying he's played a major role in military issues.
``There are some advantages to experience and knowledge and judgment,'' McCain said. ``And I honestly don't believe that Senator Obama has the knowledge or experience, and has made the wrong judgments in a number of areas.''
Combative and Cool
``Both conducted themselves as they have campaigned,'' said William Cohen, a former Republican senator from Maine who served as Defense secretary under Democratic President Bill Clinton. ``Senator McCain is a fighter; he's more combative. Senator Obama was more laid-back and more cool in terms of how he was handling issues, more cerebral.''
A post-debate survey of 500 uncommitted voters by CBS found that 39 percent thought Obama won and 25 percent gave the edge to McCain. Thirty-six percent called it a draw.
``If you were for McCain, I bet you thought he did great,'' said Stuart Rothenberg, the editor of the nonpartisan Rothenberg Political Report in Washington. ``If you were for Obama, you thought he did great. I really have a hard time believing anyone had a knockout blow here.''
The economy dominated the first part of the often contentious match-up at the University of Mississippi, consuming 36 minutes of a 90-minute debate originally intended to focus on foreign policy.
Support for Rescue Plan
Both candidates voiced support for some kind of government rescue package to address the meltdown on Wall Street, which dominated news for two days as McCain refused until yesterday to commit to a debate while the bailout plan is being debated in Congress.
Pressed on whether he'd vote for the plan, McCain said ``sure.'' Obama, in his first Senate term from Illinois, said work is still being done and he is ``optimistic'' about an agreement.
Both senators said the plan being negotiated in Congress must protect middle-income taxpayers and people facing home foreclosure.
``We have to make sure that we protect taxpayers as we engage in this rescue,'' Obama said. ``We have to ensure that we have the possibility of getting the money back.''
McCain said no one should doubt the magnitude of the crisis. He said any solution must help people faced with losing their homes. ``We're not talking about failures of institutions on Wall Street, we're talking about failures on Main Street,'' he said.
No Specifics
Asked how the need to spend $700 billion or more on a rescue package would alter their policy plans if they win the White House, Obama would only say some of programs -- including clean-energy projects -- might be delayed or altered.
McCain returned to the theme of cutting government spending and proposed to freeze budgets for all programs except defense, veterans' programs, and entitlements such as Social Security and Medicare.
The two men at times talked over each other. While Obama often turned to address McCain, McCain usually looked straight ahead despite repeated requests by the moderator, PBS anchor Jim Lehrer, who encouraged the candidates to speak to each other.
Obama accused McCain of distorting his record on a number of issues, saying ``That's not true'' nine times during the forum.
Obama was most at ease during the economic portion of the debate, considered his strong suit, while McCain improved as the subject turned to foreign affairs, analysts said.
McCain repeatedly sought to diminish Obama, saying he lacks understanding and judgment, especially on national security issues.
Tactics and Strategy
During an exchange on Iraq policy, McCain said Obama ``doesn't understand the difference between a tactic and a strategy.'' Obama shot back: ``I absolutely understand the difference between tactics and strategy.''
McCain said Obama's willingness to negotiate with leaders such as Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad ``isn't just naïve, it's dangerous.'' Obama ``doesn't seem to understand'' that meeting with such leaders would legitimize them, he said.
``So let me get this right,'' McCain said. ``We sit down with Ahmadinejad, and he says, `We're going to wipe Israel off the face of the Earth,' and we say, `No, you're not?' Oh, please.''
Talking to Iran
Obama cited statements by former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger to back up his position that he would meet with the leader of Iran.
Kissinger has on more than one occasion advocated direct negotiations with Iran, although not at the presidential level. Earlier this month, at a CNN forum on foreign policy, he said he ``preferred doing it at the secretary of state level.''
Shortly after last night's debate, the Weekly Standard, on its Web site, quoted Kissinger as saying: ``Senator McCain is right. I would not recommend the next president of the United States engage in talks with Iran at the presidential level.'' Kissinger said that while he didn't agree with McCain on everything, ``we do agree that any negotiations with Iran must be geared to reality.''
When the subject shifted to Pakistan, McCain said: ``I don't think Senator Obama understands that there was a failed state in Pakistan'' when General Pervez Musharraf seized power from civilian leaders in 1999.
Obama repeated his view that he would authorize unilateral U.S. military strikes on senior al-Qaeda leaders such as Osama bin Laden in Pakistan if Pakistani leaders were ``unable or unwilling to act.''
Nuclear Power
McCain also tried to throw Obama off guard on the issue of nuclear energy.
``Senator Obama says he's for nuclear, but he's against reprocessing and he's against storing'' nuclear waste, McCain said, prompting a denial from Obama.
While Obama has said nuclear power must be part of the U.S. energy mix, he is against using the Yucca Mountain storage site in Nevada for spent nuclear fuel. He supports more scientific study on disposal methods and developing standards for interim waste storage at reactor sites. On reprocessing, Obama says he wants strict controls established before used fuel is recycled to prevent material from falling into the hands of terrorists.
Obama was most combative when talking about the Iraq war, stressing his opposition and tying McCain's support of the conflict to the policies of President George W. Bush.
``You said we knew where the weapons of mass destruction were,'' Obama said, turning to McCain. ``You were wrong. You said that we were going to be greeted as liberators. You were wrong. You said that there was no history of violence between Shia and Sunni. And you were wrong.''
In Limbo
The debate had been in limbo until yesterday morning. On Sept. 24, McCain said the forum should be delayed until a deal was reached in Congress to address the financial crisis. Obama rebuffed the proposal, saying he believed the debate was more important than ever. McCain decided yesterday to participate even though the rescue plan remained unsettled.
Both sides claimed victory.
``Barack Obama passed the commander-in-chief test,'' former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Richard Holbrooke, an adviser to the Illinois senator, said on Bloomberg's Political Capital with Al Hunt following last night's debate.
McCain adviser Lawrence Eagleburger, who served as secretary of state at the end of George H.W. Bush's presidency, said ``in foreign affairs it was a substantial victory for McCain.''
To contact the reporters on this story: Kristin Jensen in Washington at
kjensen@bloomberg.net; Ken Fireman in Washington at
kfireman1@bloomberg.net