FT: Portugal misses ‘piggyback’ ride
Portugal misses ‘piggyback’ ride
By Joanna Chung
Published: June 28 2005 20:17 | Last updated: June 28 2005 20:17
A few years ago, a credit rating downgrade of Portugal, a longtime member of the European Union, would have hardly raised eyebrows. For no matter the country’s domestic travails, it could always “piggyback” on to the fortunes of the greater union, as one observer put it, in effect softening the market impact of bad news.
But a downgrade in the current economic and political climate is a different story. Coming about a week after EU leaders failed to agree on a long-term budget – and a month after a double rejection of the proposed EU constitution – the downgrade has further fuelled doubts among some investors about whether it is safe to assume that the future of eurozone members are permanently locked together.
Standard & Poor’s cut of Portugal’s long-term sovereign debt rating from AA to AA- on Monday was sparked by the government’s forecast that the budget deficit would reach 6.2 per cent of gross domestic product this year, more than twice the level permitted under EU rules.
“The downgrade is the result of the reported sharp deterioration in public finances . . . and the depth of fiscal reform required to reverse the deterioration seen in recent years,” said Trevor Cullinan, an S&P analyst. He added that downgrade also reflected “consistent and increasing divergence” from other peers on a number of fiscal indicators.
Portugal’s downgrade follows those of recession-hit Italy and Greece last year. The rating agency had Portugal on a negative outlook since October last year, and spreads on its 10-year bonds yesterday widened as much as 2.5 basis points against comparable German Bunds, before stabilising slightly.
But investors have long been “reawakened” to the importance of domestic fiscal dynamics, says Gregor MacIntosh, investment director at Standard Life Investments. Market movements in recent months show that interest rate differentials between German bonds and those of perceived weaker nations have been widening. This is because investors are demanding more of a premium for buying debt issued by weaker members.
For example, spreads of Italian 10-year paper have doubled from 11bp to 21.5bp against the Bund since the beginning of March. A swing of 10bp is “significant,” says Julian Jessop, chief international economist at Capital Economics. Meanwhile, spreads of countries that are perceived as economically stronger have been enjoying much tighter spreads. Spain’s bonds yield just 3bp over Germany’s, while Finland’s paper is trading at a rate lower than Germany’s.
This perception by investors, however, flies in the face of the theory behind the creation of the eurozone, namely that the debt behind eurozone members should be treated equally.
“But the single currency is only half the equation,” says Charles Diebel, European rates strategist at RBS Financial Markets. “You need a structural reform policy.” To underscore this, spreads of EU accession countries aiming to join the euro have been tightening, because, as Mr Diebel points out, “If you are trying to join the club, you want to be on your best behaviour”.
The market, however, is far from pricing in a collapse of the common currency project. “I’m not worried about significant spread widening from here,” says Steven Major, global fixed income strategist at HSBC. “I think the broader risks have been grossly overstated and we will see steady re-tightening. These countries are not going to default, so some will see it as a buying opportunity.
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